On August 3, 1980, Ronald Reagan gave his first post- convention speech at the Neshoba County Fair after being officially chosen as the Republican nominee for President of the United States. The murders and related conspiracy gave rise to the 'Mississippi Burning' trial, United States v. The national outrage over their deaths helped procure support for Congressional passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

It was some time after they disappeared before the bodies were discovered, as a result of an FBI investigation and national media attention. Ku Klux Klan members (including Cecil Price, a deputy sheriff of Neshoba County) released the three young men from jail, took them to an isolated spot, and killed them, then buried them in an earthen dam.

Their deaths demonstrated the risks that civil rights workers took to secure the constitutional rights of African Americans. Philadelphia in June 1964 was the scene of the murders of civil rights workers James Chaney, a 21-year-old black man from Meridian, Mississippi Andrew Goodman, a 20-year-old Jewish anthropology student from New York City and Michael Schwerner, a 24-year-old Jewish CORE organizer and former social worker, also from New York. In the mid-20th century, Mississippi was a battleground of the civil rights movement as, like other states of the South, it had long disfranchised blacks and subjected them to racial segregation and Jim Crow laws. Main article: Murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner State of Mississippi roadside marker denoting the location where the 1964 murders of American civil rights workers Goodman, Chaney, and Schwerner took place These range from the large ceremonial Indian mound and cave at Nanih Waiya, built approximately 1700 years ago and sacred to the Choctaw to the still thriving Williams Brothers Store, a true old-fashioned general store founded in 1907 and featured in National Geographic in 1937 as a source of anything from 'horse collars to straw hats.' Murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner The history of the town and its influences- social, political and economic- can be seen in the many points of interest within and beyond the city limits. Philadelphia is incorporated as a municipality it was given its current name, after Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1903, two years before the railroad brought new opportunities and prosperity to the town. The population was 7,118 at the 2020 census. Philadelphia is a city in and the county seat of Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States.

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